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ObjectiveTo screen the preparation technology of Baoyuan chewable tablets and to preliminarily elucidate its anti-fatigue effect and mechanism. MethodTaking encapsulation rate of volatile oil， extract rate and extraction rate of active ingredients as indexes， single factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize the volatile oil inclusion， aqueous decoction and formulation molding processes of Baoyuan chewable tablets. ICR rats were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， Gaoshan Hongjingtian oral liquids group（6.01 mL·kg-1） and and Baoyuan chewable tablets low， medium， and high dose groups（2.1， 4.2， 8.4 g·kg-1）， 8 mice in each group， and were administered by gastric gavage at the corresponding dose once a day， the blank and model groups were given equal volume of saline for 15 d. After the last administration for 30 min， the mice were loaded with 5% of the body mass of lead at the tail and swam until exhaustion to establish the fatigue model， and the weighted swimming time of the mice in each group was recorded， meanwhile， the muscle tissues of the mice were sliced， stained by hematoxylin-eosin（HE） and subjected to pathological observation， and the levels of blood urea nitrogen（BUN）， lactic acid（LA）， liver glycogen（LG）， activities of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） and creatine kinase（CK） in the serum were determined. ResultThe optimal inclusion process of cinnamon oil in Baoyuan chewable tablets was 10∶1 for β-cyclodextrin-volatile oil， and inclusion at 50 ℃ for 2 h with saturated aqueous solution method. The optimal water extraction process was to extract twice， adding 10 times of water to extract for 50 min for the first time， and adding 9 times of water to extract for 40 min for the second time. The ratio of the extract of Baoyuan chewable tablets with microcrystalline cellulose， maltodextrin， mannitol， citric acid， magnesium stearate was 63∶13∶8∶17∶17∶1∶1， the tablets were pressed by wet granulation， the each tablet weight was 1.2 g， and the hardness was 60-80 N. Compared with the model group， Baoyuan chewable tablets low， medium， and high dose groups could significantly prolong the exhaustion time of mice in weight bearing swimming（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and improve the exercise endurance of the body， and the results of HE staining showed that all dose groups of Baoyuan chewable tablets could significantly improve the muscle tissue damage caused by exercise， significantly reduce the levels of BUN， LA and the activities of LDH and CK in serum（P<0.01）， and significantly increase the content of LG（P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe optimized preparation process of Baoyuan chewable tablets is stable and feasible， and the preparation can improve exercise endurance by increasing the LG level in liver tissue， and relieve muscle soreness by accelerating the removal of LA from the body， and reduce CK and LDH activities to exert anti-fatigue effects.
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Objective:To establish the fingerprint of Baoyuantang substance benchmark， and to analyze and identify the common peaks. Method:A total of 15 batches of Baoyuantang substance benchmark were prepared， ultra performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector method （UPLC-PDA） was used to establish the fingerprint of the substance benchmark， and the methodology was developed. The chromatographic conditions were as follows：ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield C<sub>18</sub> column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.7 μm）， mobile phase of 0.05% formic acid solution （A） and 0.05% formic acid acetonitrile solution （ B） for gradient elution （0-0.5 min， 5%-19%B； 0.5-6 min， 19%B； 6-10 min， 19%-27%B； 10-20 min， 27%-45%B； 20-20.1 min， 45%-95%B； 20.1-23 min， 95%B）， the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min<sup>-1</sup>， the column temperature of 30 ℃， the detection wavelength at 203 nm and 260 nm， and the injection volume of 2 μL. Similarity evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine fingerprint （2012 edition） was used to establish the fingerprint and generate the control fingerprint. The chemical constituents of Baoyuantang substance benchmark were identified by comparison of standard substances and UPLC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-ESI-MS/MS） with full information tandem mass spectrometry （MS<sup>E</sup>） and scanning range of <italic>m</italic>/<italic>z</italic> 50-1 200. Result:The similarities of 15 batches of Baoyuantang substance benchmark were above 0.90 by comparing with the control fingerprint. There were 37 common peaks， 22 of which were identified through UPLC-ESI-MS/MS， including liquiritin， violanthin， ginsenoside Rg<sub>1</sub>， ginsenoside Rb<sub>1</sub>， ginsenoside Re and so on. These components were all from Astragali Radix， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Conclusion:This method is accurate， stable and reliable， which will basically reflect the overall chemical composition characteristics of Baoyuantang， and it provides experimental basis for development of the granules of this famous classical formulas.
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Objective:To observe clinical effect of Tiaopi Huxin decoction to chronic heart failure (CHF) and to study mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory and anti ventricular remodeling.Method:One hundred and forty patients were randomly divided into control group (70 cases) and observation group (70 cases) by random number table. And during the study, there were four patients for falling off and missing visit, two eliminated patients in control group, and 64 patients finished the study, and there were six patients for falling off and missing visit in observation group, so 64 patients finished the study. Two groups of patients got losartan potassium tablets, 50 mg/time, 1 time/day, metoprolol tablets, 200 mg/time, 1 time/day, spironolactone tablets, 20-40 mg/time, 1 time/day, control group Jingshe Yiqi granule 1 bag/time,3 times/day,flushed with boiling water, patients in observation group added Tiaopi Huxin decoction, 1 dose/day. The courses of treatment were 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDd), leftventricular end-stolic diameter (LVEDs), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and ratio of peak value of early diastolic velocity of mitral valve and peak velocity of late diastolic mitral valve (E/A) were recorded by echocardiography. And scores of Lee's heart failure, Qi deficiency and blood stasis, Minnesota Heart Failure Quality of life questionnaire (MLHFQ) and 6 minutes' walking test（6 MWT）were graded. And levels of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), galactose lectin-3, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17, transforming growth factor (TGF) - β and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were detected.Result:After treatment, LVEDd and LVEDs were lower than that in control group (P<0.05). LVEF, SV, CO and E/A were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). And scores of Lee's heart failure, Qi deficiency blood stasis and MLHFQ were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). And 6 MWT was more than that in control group (P<0.01). And levels of NT-proBNP, galactose lectin 3, IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β and MMP-9 were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Effect of cardiac function was better than that in control group (Z=2.191, P<0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of conventional western medicine treatment and according to theory of heart and spleen, Tiaopi Huxin decoction can improve the clinical symptoms and signs of heart failure, and it had effect of anti-inflammatory, and can improve ventricular remodeling, improve the exercise tolerance and quality of life of patients, improve the prognosis of heart failure, and its clinical effect is better than that of Western medicine alone.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of the modified Baoyuan Tang (BYT) with different doses on macrophage phagocytosis in restrained stress mice Method: 80 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups receiving different dose of BYT (stress only, 5g/kg, 10g/kg, 15g/kg) Using the intracellular phagocytosis in vivo to assess the phagocytosis ratio (Ph R) and phagocytosis index (Ph I) Result: The Ph R was highest in 10g/kg group The average of Ph I was also highest in 10g/kg group, but the difference between 10g/kg group and 5g/kg group had no statistic significance Conclusion:BTY 10g/kg has the best protective effect for decreased phagocytosis caused by restrained stress in mice